An IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression) is a self-invoking javascript function it executes immediately upon definition, without requiring an explicit call. IIFEs are useful for creating private scopes, preventing variable conflicts, and encapsulating code. they provide a way to ensure that certain code runs immediately and independently, improving code organization and reducing global namespace pollution.

Example:-

(function() {
    //write any code , it will automatically run 
  console.log("Hello world");
})();

this example involves an anonymous function wrapped in parentheses, immediately invoked with a final pair of parentheses. It executes instantly without requiring explicit calls elsewhere in the code.

let's see an other example-

(function(name) {
  console.log("Hello, " + name + "!");
})("Diwakar");

in this example, the IIFE takes a "name" argument and logs a personalized greeting. the argument "Diwakar" is passed when invoking the IIFE.

use case:-

1- Avoiding global namespace pollution

2- compatibility with older javascript

3- Encapsulating code

4- Modular Pattern

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